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Production and chemical utilization of bio-oil by fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge
http://hdl.handle.net/10087/6243
http://hdl.handle.net/10087/6243e40ca1c2-e1ce-47d4-8588-20229ff0d753
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
e-k0419-3.pdf (1.5 MB)
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| Item type | 学位論文 / Thesis or Dissertation(1) | |||||
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| 公開日 | 2011-09-12 | |||||
| 著者 |
曹, 景沛
× 曹, 景沛 |
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| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Production and chemical utilization of bio-oil by fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | eng | |||||
| その他のタイトル | ||||||
| その他のタイトル | 下水汚泥の急速熱分解によるバイオオイルの生産と化学利用 | |||||
| キーワード | ||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||
| 主題 | bio-oil | |||||
| キーワード | ||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||
| 主題 | production | |||||
| キーワード | ||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||
| 主題 | chemical utilization | |||||
| キーワード | ||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||
| 主題 | fast pyrolysis | |||||
| キーワード | ||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||
| 主題 | sewage sludge | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec | |||||
| 資源タイプ | thesis | |||||
| 著者(ヨミ) | ||||||
| 姓名 | ソウ, ケイハイ | |||||
| 著者別名 | ||||||
| 姓名 | Chao, Jin-Pei | |||||
| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | Fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS) fbr bio-oil production is considered as a\npromising alternative technology instead of its less acceptable common disposal processes,\nincluding agriculture application, landfi11, and incineration. However, high nitrogen\ncontent in SS represents a drawback of pyrolysis use due to the fbrmation of NH3, HCN,\nand organic nitrogen species (ONSs), which are converted to NO. and N20 during\ncombustion, causing severe environmental pollution, including acid rain, the greenhouse\neffect, and ozone layer depletion. Great care should be taken to study the fbrmation,\ndistribution, and chemical composition of nitrogen containing species (NCSs) in pyrolysis\nproducts of SS in order to minimize the nitrogen content in products fbr fuel use or\neffe ctively convert them fbr chemical us e.\n In chapter 3, fast pyrolysis of a SS sample, which contains a high content of nitrogen,\nw as investigated in a drop tub e furnac e to underst and the effects of pyrolysis temper ature\nand sweeping gas flow rate (SGFR) on the yields of pyrolysis products and the\ndistributions of carbon and nitrogen. The maximum oil yield of ca. 48.7% (daD was\nac hieved at a pyrolysis temp erature of 5 00 OC and a SGF R of 600 cm3/min. NH3 was fbund\nto be the pre domin ant nitrogenous gas under all the conditions, and its yield incre as ed with\nraising pyrolysis temperature and decreasing SGFR. The significant release of NH3 at\ntemp erature s lower than 5 00 OC should be related to the hi gh prote in content in the sludge.\nThe N yield in HCN was lower than 2% during pyrolysis below 550 OC, and sharply\nincreased to 5.8% at 700 OC due to thermal cracking of volatile matter. Water-insoluble\nnitrogen- and carbon-containing species were significantly decomposed to water-soluble\nones during secondary reactions. At high temperatures, heavy hydrocarbons were mainly cracked to gaseous products, while the NCSs tended to fbrm water-soluble species. This\nstudy provides a basic insight into the nitrogen transfbrmations during fast pyrolysis of SS,\nwhich would benefit the clean utilization of SS as an energy source.\n In chapter 4, fast pyrolyses of SS, pig compost (PC), and wood chip (WC) were\ninvestigated in an internally circulating fluidized-bed (ICFB) to evaluate bio-oil production.\nThe pyrolyses were perTfbrmed at 500 OC and the bio-oil yields from SS, PC, and WC were\n45.2,44.4, and 39.7% (daD, respectively. The bio-oils were analyzed with an elemental\nanalyzer, Karl-Fischer moisture titrator, bomb calorimeter, gel permeation chromatograph,\nFourier transfbrm infiTared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and gas chromatography/mass\nspectrometry (GC/MS). The results show that the bio-oil from SS is rich in aliphatic and\nONSs, while the bio-oil from PC exhibits higher caloric value due to its higher carbon\ncontent and lower oxygen content in comparison with that from SS. The bio-oils from SS\nand PC have similar chemical composition of ONSs. Most of the compounds detected in\nthe bio-oil from WC are organooxygen species. Because of its high oxygen content, low\nH/C ratio, and caloric value, the bio-oil from WC is unfeasible fbr use as fuel feedstock\nbut possible fbr use as chemical feedstock.\n In chapter 5, the bio-oil from the SS fast pyrolysis was separated by silica-gel column\nchromatography (SGCC) with different solvents, including mixed solvents, as eluants. A\nseries of alkanenitriles (Ci3-Cis), alkenenitrile, oleamide, fatty acid amides, and aromatic\nnitrogen species were fractionated from the bio-oil by SGCC and analyzed with GC/MS\nand FTIR. The possible precursor and fbrmation route of ONSs detected were also\ndiscussed. Most of the GC/MS-detectable ONSs are lactams, amides, and N-heterocyclic\ncompounds, among which acetamide is the most abundant. N-heterocyclics with 1-3 rings,\nincluding pyrrole, pyridine, indole, benzoimidazole, carbazole, norharman, and harman,\nwere observed. The lactams detected include pyrrolidin-2-one, succinimide, phthalimide, glutarimide, piperidin-2-one, and 3-isobutylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]-pyrazine-1,4-dione,\nall of which sho uld be fbrmed via decarb o xylation and cyc lization of y- and 6- amino acid s.\nSuch a procedure provides an effective approach to fractionation and identification of\nONSs from bio-oil pro duced by fast pyrolysis of SS.\n In chapter 6, when fast pyrolysis of SS at 500 OC and SGFR of 300 cm3/min,\ntriacetonamine (TAA) was detected with GC/MS as major component in the resulting\nbio-oil using acetone as the absorption solvent and proven to be a product from the\nreaction of NH3 in the bio-oil with the absorption solvent acetone. TAA yield increased\nwith storage time and reached a level about 28.4% (% sludge fed, daD after 175 h. Since\nthe reaction ofpure NH3 with acetone does not proceed, some species in the bio-oil must\ncatalyze the reaction of NH3 with acetone. TAA was isolated in a high yield (27.9%, daD\nand high purity (80.4%) by SGCC with different solvents, including mixed solvents, as\neluants. The study revealed the possibility of SS as potential resource of TAA. | |||||
| 内容記述 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | 学位記番号：工博甲419 | |||||
| 書誌情報 | p. 1-126, 発行日 2011-03-23 | |||||
| フォーマット | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | application/pdf | |||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||
| 出版タイプ | AM | |||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |||||
| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 群馬大学工学研究科 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | Thesis or Dissertation | |||||
| 学位名 | ||||||
| 学位名 | 博士（工学） | |||||
| 学位授与機関 | ||||||
| 学位授与機関名 | 群馬大学 | |||||
| 学位授与年月日 | ||||||
| 学位授与年月日 | 2011-03-23 | |||||
| 学位授与番号 | ||||||
| 学位授与番号 | 12301甲第419号 | |||||
| 更新日 | ||||||
| 値 | 2019-12-05 | |||||
